Longer, high head and multiple pumping solutions for wastewater

Pumping raw wastewater presents significantly greater challenges than pumping clean water, particularly if there is a long distance, a high head, or multiple pumping stations to pump into a common rising main. This paper looks at the technical challenges and sometimes significant cost savings that can be achieved by adopting smarter approaches to the conveyance of raw sewage. The technical issues and options analysed consider the issues of maintaining a self-cleansing velocity, reasonable pumping head, the optimum efficiency, initial low flows vs. high future flow, solids transport, septicity, odour release, and many other factors.